Pawniard and Bisharp are the second evolutionary line to be based on another game (chess). The first were Diglett and Dugtrio, based on Whac-A-Mole. If you count sports as well, there are the Hitmons, Glalie (a hockey mask), and probably some others.
Budew and Roserade are the only case where two Pokemon in the same non-branched evolutionary line follow one another, but the former does NOT evolve into the latter.
Spheal through Luvdisc make a run of eight consecutive Pokemon with a shared type in National Dex order, the longest such run, beating out Pidgey through Fearow. The longest run for a pure type is Gothita through Reuniclus, with six, beating out Horsea through Staryu and Patrat through Stoutland. The longest for a dual type is Omanyte through Kabutops, with four.